Ich versuche auch grade alles zu verstehen. In /r/unitedkingdom/ hab ich folgendes gefunden:
There are different stages in the legislative process for a bill to become a law.
The Withdrawal Agreement is a Bill. A Bill must be introduced / proposed to the parliament. Then there are two readings, these are the discussions you may follow on TV, about the pro’s and cons of the Bill. In that stage both sides may find common ground and table amendments to the bill.
If those amendments pass the’ll be added to the Bill, if no more amendments pass the Bill is referred to a committee that checks every line of the Bill for legal issues that haven’t been considered by „amateurs“ of the parliament. The committee is a group of specialists, subject matter experts, lawyers, that know the quirks of law and report their findings back to parliament. Also, the committee may suggest amendments in the reporting stage. That is the committee has gone through the bill, found some items that could break current law etc. and suggests Amendments to avoid that.
At that point, no one is listening to the subject anymore and Media has found a different subject, the amendments are discussed by a small group of MP which push through every amendment after a Third reading, in which only small changes are amendended, such as typos, paragraphs, missing words. The Bill becomes law, after the Queen signs it.
What Boris tried was to put the Parliament into the role of the Committee. That’s legally possible. But as the MP have figured, they aren’t capble to rightfully judge about the Withdrawal Bill without proper scrutiny, therefore they rejected that idea and referred the Billd to the Committee where the normal legaslative process goes on without notice of the public. Often it includes considerable changes. Sometimes both government and opposition agree to refer bills to the committee, because the front benchers know that most backbencers and the public have no clue what’s happening there.
If they had not passed the Withdrawal Bill, they had taken any chance for the EU to extend Brexit and would have risked no deal. The passing, the referal of the billd and the pausing of legislation allows them to have good arguments for an extension. The EU will most likely accept the request. Either legislation will be resumed, then it takes months until the committee is done, maybe longer depending who’s working there.
However listening to the Speaker and Rees-Mogg there are obviously different views in which stage the Withdrawal Bill currently is. Speaker says „Limbo“ in which it’s neither in a Committee nor it is discussed by Parliament, probably because Johnson suggested to pause legislation and wait for the reply of the EU on the request for an extension. Rees-Mogg says it’s „committeed to a committee“, which would mean it goes it’s usual way until it’s forgotten and one day Brexit happened.
Also after rejecting the timetable, several Brexit related Bills passed, some where postponed to tomorrow, probably to after the QUeen’s Speech topics.
Following the past the vote on the timetable, it looks like Rees-Moog was thinking about a different Committee than the Committee as in the Committee Stage. I am unfortunately not an expert in that either, so I am not sure either. Maybe it’s a deliberate act to confuse people. Few Politicians know exactly what they are doing. Wouldn’t be surprised.
It’s hilarious. Everyone should watch that 
Article that explains what happened today: https://www.parliament.uk/business/news/2019/october/commons-eu-withdrawal-agreement-bill/
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